40-user fully connected entanglement-based quantum key distribution network without trusted node

Xu Liu¹,
Jingyuan Liu¹,
Rong Xue¹,
Heqing Wang²,
Hao Li²,
Xue Feng^{1, 3},
Fang Liu^{1, 3},
Kaiyu Cui^{1, 3},
Zhen Wang²,
Lixing You²,
Yidong Huang^{1, 3, 4},
Wei Zhang^{1, 3, 4}

1.
Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chips, Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
3.
Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing, 100084, China
4.
Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China

Funds: National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0303704), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (BNSF) (Z180012), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (61875101, 91750206, 61575102), Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences and the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program.

摘要

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Abstract: Quantum key distribution (QKD) would play an important role in future information technologies due to its theoretically proven security based on the laws of quantum mechanics. How to realize QKDs among multiple users in an effective and simple way is crucial for its real applications in communication networks. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a fully connected QKD network without trusted node for a large number of users. Using flexible wavelength division multiplexing/demultiplexing and space division multiplexing, entanglement resources generated by a broadband energy-time entangled quantum light source are distributed to 40 users. Any two users share a part of entanglement resources, by which QKD is established between them. As a result, it realizes a fully connected network with 40 users and 780 QKD links. The performance of this network architecture is also discussed theoretically, showing its potential on developing quantum communication networks with large user numbers owing to its simplicity, scalability, and high efficiency.
- Quantum entanglement distribution /
- Quantum key distribution /
- Quantum network /
- Quantum communication

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