Adaptive infrared thermal camouflage of multi-layer PCMs devices via laser-electric co-modulation driven by neural network

Kailin Zhao; Qin Guo; Lan Jiang; Yansong Zhang; Shuhui Jiao; Jie Hu; Qian Cheng; Xun Cao; Weina Han

doi:10.1186/s43074-025-00199-y

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Kailin Zhao, Qin Guo, Lan Jiang, Yansong Zhang, Shuhui Jiao, Jie Hu, Qian Cheng, Xun Cao, Weina Han. Adaptive infrared thermal camouflage of multi-layer PCMs devices via laser-electric co-modulation driven by neural network[J]. PhotoniX. doi: 10.1186/s43074-025-00199-y

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Adaptive infrared thermal camouflage of multi-layer PCMs devices via laser-electric co-modulation driven by neural network

doi: 10.1186/s43074-025-00199-y

Kailin Zhao^{1, 2},
Qin Guo^{1, 2},
Lan Jiang^{1, 2},
Yansong Zhang^{1, 2},
Shuhui Jiao^{1, 2},
Jie Hu^{1, 2},
Qian Cheng^{1, 2},
Xun Cao^{3, 4},
Weina Han^{1, 2}

1.
Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
2.
Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center, Chongqing, 401120, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201899, China
4.
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (grant 52375401, 52350362, 52235009, and 22379012), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFB4609100), Chongqing Natural Science Foundation of China (grants cstc2021jcyj-cxttX0003), State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing (grant HPMKF202411).

Received Date: 2025-04-24
Accepted Date: 2025-09-20
Rev Recd Date: 2025-08-21

Available Online: 2025-10-16

Abstract

Abstract

Infrared thermal camouflage technologies are vital for enhancing the survivability of objects by altering their infrared radiation properties. However, existing solutions often fall short in adaptability and rapid responsiveness to dynamic environmental conditions, limiting their practical applicability. To overcome these challenges, we present an innovative approach combining ultrafast laser-induced non-volatile phase-change Ge₂Sb₂Te₅ (GST) voxel-crystallized units with electrically tunable volatile VO₂ layers. This integration enables precise, continuous control of infrared emissivity across a wide range of 0.14 to 0.98, effectively encompassing the emissivity of most materials. A neural network-based closed-loop system is employed for sensing, intelligent decision-making, and execution, achieving real-time thermal radiation matching between the target and its environment with a response speed of 3 °C/s and an accuracy of ± 1 °C. This strategy significantly enhances the adaptability of thermal camouflage in complex environments, paving the way for practical, dynamic thermal stealth applications.
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References(47)

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