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  • 主办单位：
    中国光学工程学会清华大学上海理工大学
  • 名誉主编： 庄松林 院士
  • 国际主编： 顾敏 院士
  • 主       编：
    孙洪波 教授仇旻 教授
  • 创       刊：2020年3月
  • ISSN：2662-1991
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Terahertz photons promote neuron growth and synapse formation through cAMP signaling pathway
Yuan Zhong, Yun Yu, Yangmei Li, Junkai Yin, Yuankun Sun, Rundong Jiang, Chao Chang
 doi: 10.1186/s43074-025-00165-8
Abstract(0) PDF(0)
Abstract:
Neurite outgrowth and synapse formation constitute the cellular basis for the establishment and plasticity of neural networks, crucially involved in cognitive functions. However, the techniques currently available to effectively and specifically modulate these processes remain limited. In this work, we propose a non-drug and non-thermal terahertz (THz) photon modulation approach that enhances neuronal growth and synaptogenesis. Frequency screening experiments show that 34.5 THz photon stimulation could effectively promote neurite elongation and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) expression by 26.0% in rat hippocampal neurons. Subsequent cellular experiments reveal an upregulation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway and adenylyl cyclase type 1 (AC1) activity after 34.5 THz photon irradiation. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that 34.5 THz photons promote the binding between AC1 and ligand, accelerating cAMP generation. In vivo experiments further confirm an increase in hippocampal cAMP levels and dendritic spine density after THz photon stimulation, accompanied by a significant improvement in cognitive performance. Overall, our results suggest THz photon stimulation as an effective and specific method for neuromodulation, promising for future applications in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction.
Non-local metasurface generates highly efficient transmission vortex by intrinsic singularity and generalized kerker effect
Hang Xu, Jingguang Chen, Bo Wang, Hui Li, Chunyu Song, Qi Tan, Zhengyi Zhao, Wenzhe Liu, Lei Shi, Jie Li, Jianquan Yao
 doi: 10.1186/s43074-025-00166-7
Abstract(3) PDF(0)
Abstract:
In response to the growing demands of advanced 5G/6G communication technologies, millimeter-wave vortex beams have emerged as a promising solution to increase channel capacities. This paper introduces a novel and efficient method for vortex beam generation by leveraging the intrinsic singularities of dipole scatterers and enhancing their performance through non-local coupling. We demonstrate that the intrinsic singularities—amplitude-zero points in the scattering patterns of electric dipole (ED) and magnetic dipole (MD) resonances – enable the conversion of spin angular momentum (SAM) into orbital angular momentum (OAM), generating a vortex electric field distribution. By arranging these dipolar units into a periodic array, we establish a dual-resonance non-local metasurface that improves directivity and efficiency via non-local collective interactions and the generalized Kerker effect. This configuration significantly enhances forward scattering, producing highly directional vortex beams. Our experimental results show that the non-local metasurface achieves a vortex conversion efficiency approximately 2.2 times higher than that of a reference structure around 40 GHz. This alignment-free, high-efficiency solution offers great potential for expanding millimeter-wave communication capacity and advancing photonic applications.
Suppression of local decay rate through energy quantum confinement effect in non-Markovian waveguide QED
Yuan Liu, Hong-Bo Sun, Linhan Lin
 doi: 10.1186/s43074-025-00167-6
Abstract(1) PDF(0)
Abstract:
Waveguide quantum electrodynamics (QED) system manifests an ideal platform for studying many-body physics. When multiple emitters are coupled to a common waveguide, subradiant states may arise because of the waveguide-mediated interaction, leading to a long lifetime because of their immunity to the waveguide mode-induced dissipation. However, they can still be influenced by local environments, which are incoherent for different emitters and cannot be canceled out through interference. Herein, a new mechanism termed energy quantum confinement effect (EQCE) is proposed in a non-Markovian waveguide QED system to suppress the local dissipation. The energy quantum is confined in the waveguide by emitters, suppressing spontaneous decay of the emitters. The EQCE makes the system partly free from local dissipation of emitters, leading to a total decay rate lower than the local decay rate. We further show that similar effect occurs spontaneously by self-interference and can be stressed by cooperative coupling, relaxing the requirement for initializing the emitters into a remotely entangled state.
Three-dimensional varifocal meta-device for augmented reality display
Yuzhou Song, Jiaqi Yuan, Qinmiao Chen, Xiaoyuan Liu, Yin Zhou, Jialuo Cheng, Shumin Xiao, Mu Ku Chen, Zihan Geng
 doi: 10.1186/s43074-025-00164-9
Abstract(61) PDF(0)
Abstract:
Augmented reality (AR) displays have gained significant attention for their ability to blend the real and virtual worlds seamlessly. However, they face challenges like the vergence-accommodation conflict and a limited eyebox. The AR community is actively seeking lightweight, integrative optical elements to overcome these limitations. In this study, we demonstrate a three-dimensional varifocal meta-device for AR display. The meta-device is composed of three cascaded metasurfaces with Moiré and off-center Fresnel lens phase profiles designed to dynamically manipulate the focus point in three-dimensional space. The cascaded metasurfaces are designed and fabricated by the TiO2 nanopillars with varying diameters, which are polarization-insensitive for light field manipulation. The focal point position is precisely controlled by the relative rotation between the metasurfaces. The meta-device achieves an effective focal length ranging from 3.7 mm to 33.2 mm and can adjust the lateral focal point within the same range. The dynamic eyebox size varies from 4.2 mm to 5.8 mm. This lightweight, integrated meta-device is well-suited for various imaging applications, including AR displays, as it simultaneously addresses the vergence-accommodation conflict and expands the eyebox.
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引用排行
Recent advances in multi-dimensional metasurfaces holographic technologies
Ruizhe Zhao, Lingling Huang, Yongtian Wang
2020, 1(1).    doi: 10.1186/s43074-020-00020-y
PDF(64)
Terahertz spectroscopy in biomedical field: a review on signal-to-noise ratio improvement
Yan Peng, Chenjun Shi, Yiming Zhu, Min Gu, Songlin Zhuang
2020, 1(1).    doi: 10.1186/s43074-020-00011-z
PDF(37)
Information Metamaterials: bridging the physical world and digital world
Qian Ma, Tie Jun Cui
2020, 1(1).    doi: 10.1186/s43074-020-00006-w
PDF(61)
Vacuum-ultraviolet photodetectors
Lemin Jia, Wei Zheng, Feng Huang
2020, 1(1).    doi: 10.1186/s43074-020-00022-w
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